01 / The story

The original illustration gives these research subjects memorable roles: a coordinator and a construction crew. It is a teaching metaphor for different lines of tissue-repair research.

02 / In plain language
01

BPC-157

Most musculoskeletal evidence comes from preclinical research.

02

TB-500 / thymosin β4

Actin and cell-migration research informs the “construction crew” metaphor.

03

The boundary

Separate mechanism stories do not demonstrate a benefit from combining them in people.

THE IDEA TO KEEPA useful visual model still needs human evidence.
03 / Where the evidence stops
Primarily preclinical research

A BPC-157 systematic review found 35 preclinical studies and one clinical study in its included musculoskeletal literature. Thymosin β4 biology does not establish the clinical effect of TB-500 or the combination.